Representation of regional identity

• Refers to here in the UK someone is from
• Refers to areas such as 'north' or 'south', and country 'England' or 'Scotland' and cities such as 'London' or 'Manchester'

•Scottish – often shown as being money obsessed, won’t pay for anything, drinks a lot of alcohol, loves the outdoors, wears kilts, eats haggis, quite aggressive and violent

 

•Welsh –Often shown as living in the middle of the countryside, less intelligent, good at singing (Male voice choirs),with people making jokes about them “shagging sheep”

 

• Irish – often shown as living in the countryside, working in rural areas such as farms, being very religious, being good at dancing and singing (love a good craic), very friendly but less intelligent

 

• English – often shown as being racist (think St George cross on houses or cars), obsessed with beer and football living in London. Sometimes the stereotype goes in the opposite direction of showing English people as very rich, posh, happy, living in castles and being very “royal.”

 

•London – There are two main stereotypes of Londoners. One is that they are often shown as being rich, posh, snobby, upper class, Hugh Grant types from central or west london. The other is that they often shown as being from north, east or south London, poor, common, lower class, criminalistic, violent “Kidulthood” style

 

•Manchester / Newcastle / Liverpool – Often shown as being “chavs”, wearing fake designer labels, or tracksuits, drinking a lot, being aggressive, uneducated, criminals

 

• Essex – often shown as being glamorous but cheap, footballer’s wives, lots of partying, being quite stupid

 

•Yorkshire – Often shown as living in rural countryside, with rolling hills and cobbled streets, being quite old fashioned (despite Yorkshire being the biggest county and containing large cities such as: Leeds, York and Sheffield)

 

•Cornwall / Somerset – Often shown as being “backwards”, living in rural areas, working on farms

 

•South England – often shown as being the centre of culture, modern, classy, clever, sunny, richer, doing middle class jobs where one dresses smartly

 

•North England – often shown as being poorer, bad weather, lower class, aggressive, less culture, less clever, doing working class jobs such as builders etc

To what extent does digital distributon affect the marketing and consumption of media products in the area of media you have studied

It is argued that digital distribution has a massive impact on marketing and consumption of media products. E.g. things like Netflix or iTunes.






Through the use of internet, VOD has become increasing popular. It allows people to watch and stream movies from home rather than go out and rent a DVD etc. VOD was launched in 2001 and many companies soon used it through the internet and allows people to access better streaming and downloading for films.




A film directed by Bill Wheatley called A Field in England (who also directed Kill List), released this film at the same time on VOD, DVD and cinema. He believed that this would boost the films income as it was available to more people on its release.


However, films like Mad Max Fury Road were illegally pirated thousands of times. The studios won't earn any money from this illegal method but it still gains recognition for the film and the studios.

Discuss ways in which the extract constructs the representation of ethnicity

In the extract of Hotel Babylon, representation of ethnicity is constructed with the help camera angles, mise en scene, editing and sound.

In the opening scene of the extract, mise en scene is used to show us a white male with a suit on being talked to by two men in uniform who appear to be police officers. A semic code is then used to portray to the audience that this man is the owner of the hotel because of the clothes he is wearing and his attitude towards the police officers as he appears to be controlling man which suits the owner of a hotel. We can tell that he is high up in the hierarchy of his workplace which fits the stereotype of white males being wealthy and having good jobs.

The following scene shows lots of illegal working racing around to try and get hidden. Dramatic, intense music is included to portray the workers panic and hurry to hide and not be found. Quick editing is used to cut between different people trying to find a hiding spot to increase the feeling of urgency. There appears to be conflict between the two races as the white officers are entering to find the non-white workers and take them away as they don't have the authority to be doing what they're doing. This is a stereotype as there is conflict between the races.

In the following scene an action code is used when a woman faints due to her diabetes. A black male immediately helps her out, this is a countertype  as black males are usually portrayed as only caring about themselves and a bit thuggish but he is caring and helps her out.

In the next scene, a black male cleaner is captured by the white officers. This meets the stereotype of black people being criminals as during a mid shot we can see that the white man is in charge and the black male has clearly been captured. Also he meets the stereotype of black people being pitied or pitiful as we are made to feel sorry for him in this circumstance.

In conclusion, ethnicity stereotypes are massively used in this extract through the use of camera work, mise en scene, editing and sound to show the storyline that white males and coming into the hotel to capture the black workers.

Discuss ways in which the extract constructs the representation of age

From this extract of Waterloo Road, we can see that the representation of age is constructed with the help of camera angles, mise en scene, sound and editing.

In the opening scene, we can see camera angles such as a establishing shot and a panning shot. The establishing shot portrays the characters that will be involved in this scene, being two pupils and a male teacher and the shot gives us an idea of the time of day, location etc. The panning shot reveals that the two pupils are wearing similar clothing and the male teacher is wearing smarter clothing. From this mise en scene we can put together that the male teacher is higher up in authority as he is wearing his own clothing and has the power to do that but the other two younger men in the scene can't do that as they are younger and don't have the authority so they must wear the correct uniform. By the teacher wearing these clothes it fits the stereotype of them being work orientated, whilst he tells the boys off for not wearing their uniform correctly, which meets the stereotype of teenagers being lazy and they meet the stereotype of arrogance when they talk back to the teacher. Over the shoulder shots are used so the audience can follow the conversation between the pupils and the teacher. When a second teacher arrives on the scene, the flow of the conversation abruptly stops when she finds out her camera is broken. The atmosphere becomes more hostile which fits the stereotype of there being conflict between different age groups and shows the generation gap.

The next scene shows an interior, two shot of a boy and a girl walking down the school corridor. The mise en scene implies that they are in a school environment as everyone is wearing similar uniform to each other, they are all carrying bags and it is very busy and crowded. This two shot combines with an establishing shot to show the location that it is set in. Loud, intense music is added when another girl enters the scene and starts to verbally attack them both, and then physically attacks a different boy. This loud music portrays the conflict between them. The girl that enters the scene meets the stereotype of teenagers being out of control due to her breaking school rules and attacking someone.

The following scene shows a male teacher sitting at the front of the classroom full of students. He fits the stereotype of adults being in control and having more power as the students seem to obey his commands. Loud music is introduced during a sound bridge over to a scene of the girl from a previous scene attacking a boy and cornering him in a room aggressively. A symbolic code is recognised as the room is darker than all the others which implies that something dark or bad is going to happen. When she is attacking the boy, it meets the stereotype of teenagers being selfish as she is only picking on him because she wants to and no other reason at all. Over the shoulder shots are rapidly used to keep up with the conversation. A countertype is also shown as they both seem to be expressing emotions but a stereotype for teenagers is that they don't show emotions but they clearly do as she is getting angry and he is scared and panicking.

In the next scene an adult is shown wearing teenagers clothes. When two girls appear and see him, they see him through a low angle shot and he sees them as a high angle shot, this implies that he has more power than them because of his status as a teacher. A countertype is also shown as a stereotype for adults is that they dress smartly but he is dressed in a jeans and a t-shirt so he doesn't meet the stereotype but counteracts it.

In conclusion, stereotypes and countertypes are portrayed through this extract in the use of camera angles, mise en scene, editing and sound.

Distribution

Distribution - What is it?

-What part of the supply chain is distribution?
It is the third part of the supply chain

-What is distribution often referred to as?
It is referred to as invisible art

-What does 'vertical integration' mean when discussing distribution?
This is when the production company has the ownership of the means of production, distribution and exhibition of the film by the same company, because of this they receive all of the profit.
-Why isn't 'vertical integration' so common in the independent sector?
In the independent film sector, vertical integration does not operate so commonly. Producers tend not to have long-term economic links with distributors, who likewise have no formal connections with exhibitors.
-What three stages are involved in the independent sector?
licensing, marketing and logistics.

-What is licencing?
Licensing is the process by which a distributor acquires the legal right to exploit a film. In distribution, licensing itself can take place on two levels.
-What are the two levels of licencing?
International distribution and local distribution

-What is the advantage of being a major US studio?

-What three different types of rights can you acquire on a local level?

-What are royalties?

-What is the most effective way to increase interest in a film?

-How long does it take for a film to reach 'free to air' TV?

What are the two key questions surrounding the marketing of a film?

What day are films typically released on?

What will a distributor look at before releasing a film on a Friday?

What is a 'light' week in terms of distribution?

What does it mean to 'position' a film distinctively?

Why has this become increasingly difficult in the UK?

What are P&A?

How much can P&A cost?

Typically how many prints will a 'specialised' film have?

How many will mainstream films have?

What is a key factor in developing the profile of a film?

How else can awareness of a film be raised?

Why is distribution in the UK seen as risky?

Why are companies looking towards viral marketing?

What are the benefits of a 'talent visit'

In the pre digital film age what was a distributor responsible for?

How much does a 35mm print typically cost?

How many reals is a typical feature print?

Why do 35mm prints get damaged?

Where are prints stored?

How long did a theatrical release used to last?

When did digital distribution begin in the UK?

Name two advantages of digital distribution

Which countries adopted digital distribution early and why?

How many screens were digital in 2005 and how many are now (you'll need to google this)

Why has digital distribution radically altered the operating model of distributors?

What has happened to the typical release period for a film?

What is a loss leader (google it) and why are companies using the Cinema as a potential loss leader?

British film companies

Warp X- Warp Films produced Kill List with Bill Wheatley directing it. They're a British film production company, sister to Warp Films bases in Sheffield, UK with further offices in Nottingham and London. The company was founded in 2005 and produces feature films with budgets usually between £400k and £800k. Their intent was to add energy and vitality to the British film industry.



Studio Canal- They are a French based company, but were the most prominent Uk distributors in the early 21st century when they distributed Kill List. They are a French based distribution company. They own the third largest film library in the world.



Film Yorkshire- In 2000, nine different regional screen agencies, one in each English region, to deliver support to film making. Co production with other companies.



Film 4- They're a British, digital, television channel available in the UK. They are responsible for a large number of films made in the UK. Co produced Kill List with other companies.



UK Film Council- Set up in 2000 to promote the UK film industry. It is funded by many different sources including things like the national lottery. Their aim was to make a competitive, vibrant and successful British film industry.



Rook Films- A PLC founded in 2010



Optimum releasing- A film distributing company based in UK and Ireland. They release many films including foreign films.



IFC Midnight- An American distribution company based in New York. They distribute independent films and documentaries.

Village Roadshow- An Australian company with interests in cinema, theme parks, film production and distribution.

Ratpac-Dune entertainment- An American motion pictures financing company.

Warner Bros- An American entertainment company that produces television and music entertainment. It is one of the major production companies. It's base is in Burbank, California

DNA Films-

Representation of Class and Status

Upper Class: 

Breaking Bad- Elliot and Gretchen are a multi millionaire couple that play the role of being Walters friends, however seem to be constantly looking down on Walter as they are much wealthier. They meet the stereotype of judgemental, well educated upper class people. They also offer Walter money for his cancer treatment which is a countertype as wealthy people are usually reluctant to give away money but these aren't.

Downton Abbey- The Crawley family are portrayed as a well educated, wealthy and influential people. This is also shown by their number of servants. They meet the stereotype of upper class people being well spoken as they enunciate their words clearly and use a wide range of vocabulary. 

Middle Class:  

Breaking Bad- The White family are a working class family who meet the stereotype of lower class people being hard working towards making money and this shows as the parents work very hard to make their money.

Waterloo Road- They're clearly middle class as they work hard for their money and are well committed to their job.

 

Lower Class:

 

Misfits- As the TV drama is about young offenders, and it is aimed at teenagers, it will interest this age group as they can relate to the use of language and behaviour.